A PhD is usually associated with professional careers in higher education institutions and in research laboratories. These are the options that still motivate most doctoral students. However, it should be recognised that it was advanced training that potentiated the professional competitiveness of the doctorate holders who chose different branches of activity, namely in companies. The strengthening of the rates of integration of doctorate holders in higher education institutions, research laboratories and departments of public administration and companies remains one of the main objectives of the development policies.